The winter Olympic Games - the largest international complex competitions in winter I see sport. The winter Olympic Games are conducted once a four years - per year of the Olympic Games under the aegis of the International Olympic Committee. The first winter Olympic Games were carried out into 1924 in [Shamoni] (France) as additions to the summer games. To the competitions of the profit of 293 athletes (including 13 women) of 16 countries. Participated the best athletes of the northern countries - Norway, Finland, Sweden. Medals were played in 14 forms of the competitions of 5 forms of sport. Into the program entered the bobsleigh, ski sport (races, leaps from the springboard, to [dvoebore]), high-speed run on the horses, figure skating on the horses, hockey. Women competed only in figure skating on the horses.
The program of the winter Olympic Games includes competitions in [biatlonu]. Bobsleigh: bobsleigh, sled. Skating sport: skating sport, figure skating, Shortt- track. [Kerling]. Ski sport: mountain-skiing sport, ski [dvoebore], ski races, leaps on skis from the springboard, [snoubording], freestyle. Sleigh sport. Hockey with the washer.
At first winter and summer games were passed in one and the same year, but beginning from 1994, they they are carried out in the different time. The program of the winter Olympic Games considerably was enlarged up to the present moment, grew the number of participants, among whom it is numerous athletes from the southern countries. At first Scandinavians prevailed at the winter Olympiads, but in the course of time into the number of favorites of the winter Olympic Games entered athletes from other regions.
Origin of the winter Olympic Games. With the creation in 1894 MOK among other forms of sport in future Olympic program it was proposed to include rolling on the horses. Nevertheless, on the first three Olympic Games of no “ice” disciplines it was. They for the first time appeared on the games -1908 in London: figure skaters competed in 4 forms of program. In execution required figures among the men strongest proved to be Swedish Ulrich [Salkhov], in the arbitrary rolling - Russian Nikolai Panin -[Kolomenkin]. Competitions among the women won [Medzh] Of [sayers] (Great Britain), and in the paired rolling - Germans Anna [Khyubler] and Heinrich Burger. Three years at the current session MOK were later proposed to organize the within the framework following Olympic Games the special week of the winter forms of sport. But the organizers of games in Stockholm appeared against a similar proposal, fearing, that this negatively will affect the northern games (complex winter competitions with the participation of the Scandinavian countries, which were being carried out with 1901 on 1926 in essence to the territory of Sweden, such sequential games it had to take place into 1913). Furthermore, Scandinavians stated, “ice” and “snowy” contests refer no to the Olympic of [traditsii].[V] the motion of the preparation of the following Olympic Games (they it had to pass in Berlin into 1916) idea about the organization of the week of the winter forms of sport sounded again. It was assumed that into the program of week will enter the ski races, run on the horses, figure skating and hockey with the washer. But the First World War prevented conducting Olympic competitions. In the program of games in antwerp (1920) there were figure skating and hockey with the washer. The Swedish figure skater Of [gillis] [Grafstrem] conquered in the competitions among the men, its compatriot Magda [Yulin]-[Mauroy] - in women, and Ludovik and Walter [Yakobssony] (Finland) - in the paired rolling. The Olympic hockey tournament, in which participated 7 commands, won Canada. In winter 1924 in France (which had to assume in that year the sequential summer Olympic Games) under [patronazhem] MOK was past “international sport week on occasion of ViII of Olympiad”. These complex competitions in winter I see sport they generated such interest, what MOK made the decision to carry out from now on - together with the summer - and the winter Olympic Games, and to the past week by the rear number appropriated official status of the first winter Olympic Games.
Program of the winter Olympic Games.
A quantity of sport disciplines, represented in the program of Zoyas, and also the complete sets of the developed medals noticeably grew in the course of time. Are enumerated below forms of sport, entering the official program of the winter Olympic Games (as of 2006) or those entered into it earlier, and also significant (demonstration) disciplines, in the different time which were being included in the unofficial program of games on the selection of host country. According to the present rules MOK, the winter form of sport can be officially acknowledged Olympic, if it is cultivated, the minimum, in 50 countries on three continents, and competitions in this form pass both among the men and the women.
